1.Types and applications of ferrous metal materials

(1)Material type of ferrous metal

Ferrous metal materials are divided into pig iron, steel, semi-finished products and final products. It can also be classified according to production process, shape, size and surface condition.

1)Pig iron

Pig iron for steelmaking, casting, nodular cast iron, wear-resistant iron, carbon-carbon low-phosphorus grain iron, vanadium-containing pig iron

2)Steel

① According to chemical composition: non-alloy steel, low-alloy steel, alloy steel

② Low-alloy steel is classified into ordinary low-alloy steel, high-quality low-alloy steel and special low-alloy steel according to the main quality grades

③ Alloy steel is classified according to the main quality grades: high-quality alloy steel and special alloy steel

3) Cast iron

When the trademark has alloy element symbol, the tensile strength value is arranged after the element symbol and the content, separated by -,

For example, the grade of wear-resistant ductile iron is QTM Mn8-30

4)Cast steel

Alloy cast steel is divided into heat-resistant cast steel, corrosion-resistant cast steel and wear-resistant cast steel

(2)Application of ferrous metal materials

1)Steel plate and steel pipe

Pipe material: building pipe material

Domestic sewage: cast iron pipe or non-pipe material (plastic pipe, concrete pipe)

Rainwater pipe: cast iron pipe, galvanized and non-galvanized steel pipe or non-metallic pipe

Indoor hot water supply system: galvanized steel pipe, steel pipe and non-metallic pipe

Indoor heating system: welded steel pipe and galvanized steel pipe

Outdoor domestic water supply pipe: galvanized pipe, water supply cast iron pipe, composite pipe or plastic pipe

Outdoor drainage pipes: drainage cast iron pipes and non-metallic pipes

Outdoor heating pipe network: pipe diameter ≤ 40mm, welded steel pipe; When the pipe diameter is 50~2000mm, welded steel pipe or seamless steel pipe; When the pipe diameter is more than 200rmm, spiral seam welded steel pipe

2)Section steel:

① According to the section size and shape range, the hot-rolled section steel is divided into: I-beam, channel steel, equilateral angle steel and unequal angle steel

② The surface of cold-formed section steel shall be free of cracks, scabs, folds, slag inclusions and end layer

Local pockmarks, scratches and other minor defects with depth not exceeding half of the thickness tolerance are allowed, but the minimum thickness at the defect of the section steel is guaranteed

3)Steel flange

① The available materials of steel flanges are: forgings, plates, castings, steel pipes

② The materials for steel flanges of petrochemical and pressure 1 vessels are: plates and forgings

4)Valves

The valve model consists of seven parts: valve type, driving mode, connecting hand type, structure type, sealing surface or lining material, pressure, valve body material, etc

2.Types and applications of non-ferrous metals

(1)Types of non-ferrous metals

Non-ferrous metal: a general term for all gold except iron, manganese and chromium

Aluminum, magnesium, titanium, copper, manganese, nickel, cobalt, zinc, tin, lead: cathode copper, aluminum ingot for remelting, zinc aluminum ingot, lead ingot, tin ingot, electrolytic nickel

(2)Non-ferrous metal application

Aluminum and aluminum alloy pipes

Container:

①Vessel production: atmospheric pressure vessels and pressure vessels with design pressure>8MPa

②Aluminum parts not prepared for air separation shall not contact with alkali solution

The Conduit:

①It can be used in pipeline systems such as cryogenic device, liquefaction device, air separation device and food refrigeration

②It can be used in the pipeline system that does not allow the medium polluted by iron ions

Copper and copper alloy: air separation: brass parts shall not contact ammonia

Nickel and nickel alloys: nickel and nickel base alloys in the steam environment 'The upper limit of the service temperature of nickel, nickel steel copper, nickel chromium iron, nickel iron chromium increases in turn

Titanium and titanium alloy: can produce atmospheric pressure vessels and pressure vessels with design pressure ≤ 35MPPa

Precious metals: gold, silver, platinum group metals

Others: lead, tin and their alloy pipes shall not use Class B fluid